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Magnetic suspension bearing
Source: Bearing network time: 2014-04-07
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Magnetic suspension bearing is a new type of high performance bearing. Compared with traditional ball bearing, plain bearing and oil film bearing; magnetic bearing does not have mechanical touch; rotor can reach high working speed; has small mechanical wear, low energy consumption and low noise. Long life, no need for smooth, oil-free pollution, etc.; uniquely suitable for high-speed, vacuum, ultra-clean and other special environments. Can be widely used in mechanical processing, turbomachinery, aerospace, vacuum technology, rotor dynamics identification and testing; It is recognized as a new type of bearing with a great way out.
China's research on magnetic bearings began in the late 1950s; afterwards, it was unpleasant for various reasons; in the past ten years, it has led to the satisfaction of scientific research units. Professor Zhao Hongbin from the Department of Engineering Physics of Tsinghua University has been working on this seminar since 1988; Professor Zhao The analysis says that magnetic bearings are mechatronic products; they are the crystallization of manipulation theory, electronic power, electromagnetics, rotor dynamics and computer science; conducting this research; have a strong academic meaning. Together; magnetic bearings have The outstanding advantages of high speed, high precision and long life; will gradually lead the electromechanical profession to a new situation without conflict, no loss, no speed limit.
The key to measuring the quality of magnetic bearings is to see its speed, cyclotron precision and support stiffness. Professor Zhao Hongbin's positional five-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing system developed in 1994 by the Electromechanical and Control Laboratory; the speed is up to 53200 rpm, successfully carried out in 1997. The internal grinding test, this year completed the CNC high-speed magnetic speed of nearly 50,000 rpm bearings per minute; reversal accuracy of 1μm; these results are the first in China.
Compared with foreign magnetic bearings; we still have a certain interval at the level; but the price of foreign magnetic bearings is very expensive; and for reasons of technical confidentiality; foreign magnetic bearing companies do not sell small quantities of magnetic bearings to China. Magnetic bearings Whether it can be industrialized; its speed and level of development are related to the way out of national industry; its market potential is also a very large sliding bearing that uses the electric field force and magnetic field force to suspend the shaft. The electrostatic bearing is suspended by electric field force; The suspension is a magnetic bearing (see figure); the combined bearing is suspended by the electric field force and the magnetic field force. The latter bearing has both an electrode and a magnetic pole; the capacitor and the inductance are tuned to each other in the circuit connection; It is much higher than the former two; the maximum force corresponds to a small displacement. The electromagnetic bearing has no direct touch due to the shaft and the bearing; it does not need to be smooth; it can work in a vacuum and a wide temperature range; conflict resistance Huangpu recognizes (some speeds up to 23 million rev / min, line speeds up to 3 times the speed of sound), long service life, layout can be diversified. Electrostatic bearing requires a large electric field strength, the use of Restriction; can only be used in a small number of appearances. Magnetic bearings have greater bearing capacity and rigidity; angular momentum flywheels, flow meters, density meters that have been used in ultra-high-speed trains, ultra-high-speed centrifuges, hydro-generators, space vehicles , power meters, vacuum pumps, fine current regulators and gyroscopes, etc.. With the development of magnetic materials and electronic technology; the use of electromagnetic bearings is expanding.
The electric field force is proportional to the electric field strength, electric displacement and electrode area; the magnetic field force is proportional to the magnetic field strength, magnetic induction intensity and magnetic pole area. The electric field or magnetic field parameters and several scales are properly selected; the bearing capacity and stiffness of the bearing can be obtained. Or magnetic attraction is inversely proportional to the square of the space between objects; according to the Aner's theorem; this static system is static; therefore, except for bearings that are resistant to magnets or superconductors; bearings that operate under electrostatic or static magnetic fields are Unstable. In order to make the electromagnetic bearing work stably; it is necessary to use servo equipment or adjust the circuit parameters to control. The actual electromagnetic bearing is usually made of radial bearing, thrust bearing, servo control circuit, damper, speed sensor or Orientation sensor and other components.
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