According to experts, occupational disease hazards in China are widely distributed in industries ranging from traditional industries such as coal, metallurgy, chemical engineering, and construction to emerging industries such as automobile manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, computers, and bio-engineering. With the changes in business models, employment systems, and the development of individual private enterprises, a large number of migrant workers have flooded into the work of “bitter, dirty, tired, and dangerous”. As a result, migrant workers have become the most seriously affected group of occupational diseases.

At present, there are more than 600,000 pneumoconiosis patients in China. Pneumoconiosis is the number one occupational disease, accounting for more than 80% of all occupational diseases, and pneumoconiosis in coal mines ranks first. In patients with pneumoconiosis, due to prolonged exposure to productive mineral dust, respiratory system clearance and defense mechanisms are severely impaired, and patient resistance is significantly reduced. Therefore, pneumoconiosis patients often suffer from various complications. Among the causes of death of pneumoconiosis patients, respiratory complications accounted for the first place, mainly pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary infectious diseases and pneumothorax; cardiovascular diseases accounted for the second, mainly chronic pulmonary heart disease.

Why are occupational diseases so high? Experts analyze that the backwardness of protective equipment technology is the main reason. In addition, the protection measures are not perfect, and the use of protective clothing, respiratory protection equipment, head, hearing, eye and face protection, and foot and leg protection is low, and it also directly or potentially harms the physical health of employees. Among them, there are problems that companies do not pay attention to, and some employees do not understand, do not know, or do not know how to protect and other factors.

Therefore, migrant workers must carry out preventive health checks prior to employment. When newly recruiting or changing jobs or work content, they can acquire information on their health status and relevant basic health information, find occupational contraindications, and see if they are suitable for the job. Provide a basis for appointments.

Before the migrant workers are on the job, they should “do the four”: sign a labor contract; pre-post health check; pre-post occupational health knowledge training; and receive labor insurance supplies.

“Watchfulness” for posts: Pay attention to warning signs and Chinese warning instructions for occupational hazards at work posts; Observe the production operation procedures; Occupational health protection facilities; Keep wearing personal protective equipment;

“Four Musts” should be used for off-duty: the transfer of protective facilities, bathing, changing of overalls, and maintenance of personal protective equipment.

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