Perovskite solar cell structure

Material Evaluation Method

Diagram of the results of statistical data statistics

Osaka University and Kyoto University of Japan announced on August 4, 2016 that they have developed a new method that can be used in conjunction with data science statistical methods to quickly evaluate empty-cell perovskite solar cells that are expected as a new generation of solar cells. The properties of the hole transport material (carrying generated holes to the electrode). Compared with the previous component evaluation, it can perform quick and stable evaluation in less than 1/10 of the time.

The perovskite solar cell is composed of a perovskite layer that becomes a charge (holes and electrons) after absorbing light, a hole transport layer that separates holes and electrons into an anode and a cathode, and the like. At present, the conversion efficiency of this kind of battery has reached 22% that can match with inorganic solar cell, and along with the constant adaptation of this kind of battery to the printing technology and the low-temperature craft, the price is getting lower and lower, the weight is getting lighter and lighter. Therefore, it is expected to invest in a new generation of practical solar cells. However, to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells, the development of high-performance charge transport layers is very important, and the performance of the components involves many factors, therefore, the hole transport layer made of organic polymers (polymers) or low molecular materials. Development and performance evaluation take a long time and must be repeated experiments.

The method developed this time enables the direct evaluation of holes from the perovskite power generation layer to the hole transport layer using a measuring device that combines microwave communication using microwave ovens and microwaves with short-pulse lasers used in the production of precision parts. Mobile efficiency. In addition, "a variable that determines performance" was also extracted by merging data science statistical methods. The researchers found that the product of the initial hole-moving efficiency and the moving speed is most closely related to the short-circuit current density of solar cell components, and it will be easier to develop and evaluate new hole-transport materials in the future.

In addition, the researchers also found that not only the type of polymer, the presence or absence of additives, and the length of exposure to the air will also affect the efficiency of hole migration. Perovskite solar cells not only deteriorate due to reaction with moisture in the air, but also the effects of light and oxygen sometimes improve the performance over time, which is an unsolved problem in the characteristics of such solar cells. mystery of. This time, the quantification of the hole mobility efficiency that gradually increases with the passage of time in the air is expected to provide clues for unlocking other unsolved mysteries.

At present, the perovskite solar cell with the highest conversion efficiency contains lead that is harmful to the human body and the environment. Therefore, the development of non-lead perovskite solar cells has attracted much attention. However, the conversion efficiency of non-lead type batteries is very low, and there are also many problems in durability and stability. In addition to the indicators established in this study, materials informatics (Materials Informatics) can be used to effectively explore new materials for the charge transport layer.

In addition, there are many unsolved mysteries such as the long-term deterioration mechanism and Hysteresis in perovskite solar cells. Based on this research, we provide experimental answers, and further perform performance diagnostics on solar energy and other energy conversion materials using a new generation of solar cells, which can speed up the research on component performance and the identification of basic physical properties.

This research was implemented as part of the strategic creation research promotion business of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). The research results were published on the online version of the American Chemical Society's journal ACS Photonics on August 2, 2016. (Special Contributor: Kudosuke)

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