Capsicum blight

I. Symptoms: At the beginning of the disease, the leaves on the top of the plant wilted and drooped, then the lower leaves were wilted, and finally the middle leaves were withered. There is also one side of the leaves first wilting or the whole leaves are wilting at the same time. At the time of initial illness, the diseased plants wilted during the day and recovered at night. After 2-3 days, the whole plant died of wilting and the dead plants remained green. The roots of the diseased plants often turn brown rot, the surface of the diseased stem is rough, and the roots of the stem are proliferated with adventitious roots. Some diseased stems can be seen with 1-2 cm brown spots. The stalks are visible in the stalks of the xylem. The cross-section of the stems is moisturized and the white turbid mucus overflows from the finger extrusion.

Second, the incidence of disease: pepper bacterial wilt, also known as pepper bacterial wilt, generally does not occur in the seedling stage, often after the results of the pepper began to show symptoms, the most serious disease in the summer. It is a typical bacterial soil vascular bundle disease. High temperature and high humidity, early in the rain, it is easy to promote the disease, especially after a long rain or heavy rain, the disease often outbreaks.

Third, prevention and treatment methods

　　 1. Carry out 4-5 years of rotation, not duplicated with Solanaceae and legume crops. Water and drought rotation can be implemented in areas where conditions permit, which is the most effective measure to prevent this disease.

　　 2. Appropriate application of lime or grass ash when preparing the land, high ridge and deep ditch in the field, and small water pouring when watering.

　　 3 , when not yet onset (usually in the initial stage of fruit setting), spray 70% succinated copper sulphate, or dibasic acid copper ( DT ) wettable powder 500 times solution, or 50% spring sulphur oxychloride copper (ie chunleimycin + copper oxychloride) (the DTM) WP 500-600 times, or 14% copper ammonia complex agent 300 times, or 77% killing WP 500 times, 1 spray every 7-10 days, and even Spray 2-3 times.

　　 4 , there are sporadic disease plants in the field, immediately removed, the disease points are disinfected with 2% formalin solution or 20% lime water to prevent the spread of soil bacteria.

　　 5 , spray 1:1:240 Bordeaux mixture, or 100-150 mg / kg agricultural streptomycin in the early stage of the disease or after heavy rain . 7-10 days, spray compartment, can be reached even spray 3-4 good control effect.

　　 6. When the field disease continuation occurs, the root can be irrigated with one of the following agents: 10-200 mg / kg agricultural streptomycin, or 40% bactericidal wettable powder 5000 times solution, 0.25-0.5 kg per solution . irrigation once every 10-15 days, and even irrigation 3-5 times. At the same time of root irrigation, it can also be combined with spray control. The agent can use 72% agricultural streptomycin WP 2000 times solution, or 14% lycopene copper solution 300 times solution, or 77% can kill WP 500. times, or 50% copper amber plastic adipic acid 500 times, or 50% wettable powder 500 times the DTM, every 7-10 days, and even spray 2-3 times.

Pepper root rot

I. Symptoms: There are obvious symptoms in the upper part of the flowering stage. The leaves gradually turn yellow and withered from the bottom to the top. Generally, the leaves do not fall off, and the stems and leaves die in severe cases. The main root and the roots are rotten, and no lateral roots are produced. Under the wet conditions, the stem base has a pink mold.

Second, the incidence of disease: the bacteria can survive in the soil for more than 10 years, mainly relying on rain, irrigation water, unfertilized farmyard manure and agricultural tools to spread. Harm the cortex of the main root and the stem below the surface. High temperature and high humidity, low hydronephrosis, base fertilizer not decomposed, and many years of heavy sputum are important causes of this disease.

　　 1. Implement 2-5 years of rotation; use high ridge cultivation to reduce soil moisture; timely clearing ditch drainage after rain, and timely removal of diseased plants.

　　 2 , when planting with anti-dry spirit wettable powder 600 times liquid, toxic poison 3000 times liquid soaked roots for 10-15 minutes after transplanting, or 150 raw antibacterial 1 bag and rice bran 0.5 kg mix well (without water), will The roots of the pepper seedlings were soaked in water and transplanted with roots. Add 1.5-2 kg of copper sulfate per acre when watering after planting .

　　 3, after planting Huanmiao perfusion, vicious Ling 3000 times, 600 times, or an anti-dry Ling, each per 250 ml, 7 days 1, 3 and even irrigation. If the disease is cured after the onset, it is necessary to increase the dose.

Capsicum blight

First, the symptoms: more in the flowering results period. At the beginning of the disease, several leaves of the lower part of the plant wilted and drooped, and the whole plant appeared to be wilting from bottom to top. The mild diseased plants wilted at noon on sunny days, and returned to normal in the morning and evening and cloudy days. After several days, the diseased plants turned yellow and died, and the plants died in severe cases. The internal tissues of the roots and necks of the plants were browned, and the cortex was easy to fall off. For example, a small section of diseased stems was cut and placed in a test tube containing fresh water, and no white pus was discharged (this can be distinguished from bacterial wilt).

Second, the incidence of disease: the bacteria overwinter on the diseased body, can survive in the soil for many years. In summer, the incidence of rainy days is heavier, and the disease develops rapidly after the rain. It is easy to develop in the case of soil moisture, heavy weight, slightly acidic, poor drainage, continuous cropping for many years, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. The disease is severe in high temperature and high humidity environment. When the root knot nematode is seriously damaged in the soil, it can aggravate the development of the disease.

　　 1 , with pepper root rot 1 .

　　 2 , before the planting with the Kekesong wettable agent 1000 times for soil disinfection; transplanting with the use of Dixon 800 times or anti-dry spirit WP 600 times solution, carbunion 3000 times liquid immersion root 10-15 minutes after the shift Plant, or mix 1 capsule of 150 antibacterial powder with 0.5 kg of rice bran (without adding water), soak the roots of the pepper seedlings and dip the roots. Add 1.5-2.0 kg of copper sulfate per acre when watering after planting .