Polymer materials have in fact become a necessity in every aspect of modern life. The latest advances in production and processing have further broadened the range of applications of plastics. In some applications, polymer materials have even replaced other materials. Such as glass, metal, paper and wood.

However, the structural characteristics and physical state of the polymer material itself and the external factors such as heat, light, thermal oxygen, ozone, water, acid, alkali, bacteria and enzymes in the process of use make it in the application process. There is performance degradation or loss, such as yellowing, relative molecular mass degradation, product surface cracking, loss of gloss, and more serious, the mechanical properties such as impact strength, tensile strength and elongation are greatly reduced, thereby affecting polymer materials. Normal use.

This phenomenon is referred to as aging. Aging may occur at various stages of synthesis, storage, processing and final application of polymer materials, which may lead to the end of the service life and a large amount of waste, resulting in great waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. The aging of polymer materials during use is more likely to cause huge disasters and irreparable damage.

Therefore, the anti-aging of polymer materials has become a problem that the polymer industry has to solve. In fact, anti-aging of polymer materials is an important issue in polymer chemistry. At present, there are four main methods for improving and improving the anti-aging properties of polymer materials:

1, physical protection (such as thickening, painting, outer composite, etc.)

The aging of polymer materials, especially photo-oxidative aging, begins with the surface of the material or product, which is characterized by discoloration, chalking, cracking, gloss reduction, etc., and then gradually penetrates into the interior. Thin products are easier to fail early than thick products, so the life of the product can be extended by thickening the product.

For the aging product, a coating with a good weather resistance can be applied or coated on the surface, or a weather-resistant material can be laminated on the outer layer of the product, thereby attaching a protective layer to the surface of the product, thereby Delay the aging process.

2, improve the processing technology

Many materials also have aging problems during the synthesis or preparation process. For example, the influence of heat during polymerization, thermal oxygen aging during processing, and the like. Correspondingly, the effect of oxygen can be mitigated by adding an oxygen scavenging device or a vacuuming device during polymerization or processing.

However, this method can only guarantee the performance of the material at the factory, and this method can only be implemented from the source of material preparation, and can not solve the aging problem during reprocessing and use.

3. Structural design or modification of polymer materials

Many polymer materials have extremely aging groups in the molecular structure. Therefore, through the molecular structure design of the material, the aging group can be replaced by the non-aging group, which can often achieve good results.

4, add anti-aging additives

At present, an effective way and a common method for improving the aging resistance of polymer materials is to add an anti-aging additive, which is widely used because of its low cost and no need to change the existing production process. There are two main ways to add these anti-aging additives:

(1) Additive directly adding method

The anti-aging additive (powder or liquid) is directly mixed with a raw material such as a resin, and then extruded, granulated or injection molded. This type of addition is widely used in a wide range of pumping and injection molding plants due to its simplicity.

(2) Anti-aging masterbatch addition method

In manufacturers that require high quality and quality stability, more is to add anti-aging masterbatch during production.

The application advantage is that the anti-aging additive firstly realizes the pre-dispersion in the preparation process of the master batch, so in the process of material processing in the later stage, the anti-aging assistant is secondarily dispersed, and the auxiliary agent is uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the polymer material. The purpose is not only to ensure the quality stability of the product, but also to avoid dust pollution during production, making the production more green and environmentally friendly.

A comparison of the two addition methods is shown in the following table:

Based on the above analysis, we recommend using anti-aging masterbatch as much as possible to improve the quality of the material when using anti-aging additives.

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