Italy pioneered a new observation technology in astrophysics
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Italian scientists use the national quantum optical fiber backbone network (1739 kilometers in length) to send the laser signal emitted by the atomic clock to the two largest radio telescopes in Italy, providing an ultra-precise frequency reference. The two radio telescopes are synchronized with each other and realize astrophysics Learn to combine observations, making it a unique high-precision observation platform in the world. The results were published in the latest issue of Optica, the top journal in the field of optics.
Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) has high measurement accuracy and can accurately locate radio sources. It is a powerful technology for geodetic surveying and exploring the universe. At present, the main factor limiting the sensitivity of this technology is that the reference clock frequency of the ground antenna is relatively unstable. In theory, using optical fibers to send the same clock signal to multiple radio telescopes can solve this problem. Therefore, the Italian National Institute of Metrology, the National Institute of Astrophysics, the Italian Space Agency, and the National Research Council Optical Research Institute jointly carried out experiments. Through the Italian National Quantum Optical Fiber Backbone Network, the laser signals emitted by the latest generation of atomic clocks in Turin, Italy , Sent to two large radio telescopes more than 600 kilometers apart in Bologna and Matera, and carried out 24-hour VLBI geodetic survey work. The observation results achieved the expected results, confirmed the feasibility of the theory, and provided a solution for the atomic clock to send signals, eliminate the tropospheric and system effects of VLBI, and opened up a new perspective for high-resolution astronomical observations.