Four principles of fertilization in vegetable fields
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First, look at the fertilization of different vegetables Different vegetables have different needs for various nutrients, so fertilization should be based on the type of vegetables. For example, leafy vegetables are fed by the leaves of vegetative bodies, and the application of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the development of vegetative bodies, so the number of nitrogen fertilizers is more demanding. Fruits and vegetables are served on their fruits. In addition to the necessary nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added as appropriate. For root vegetables, it is not appropriate to apply unfertilized organic fertilizer, and the fertilization position should not be close to the fleshy root.
Second, look at the days of fertilization Temperature, humidity and light are the main climatic factors affecting fertilization. When the temperature is suitable, the crops grow vigorously and need more fertilizer. When the soil moisture is suitable, the microbial activities are frequent, accelerate the decomposition and transformation of nutrients, and promote the absorption of nutrients by crops; illumination is a necessary condition for crop photosynthesis. Therefore, the fertilization effect is better under suitable conditions of light, temperature and humidity.
Third, look at fertilizer fertilization The type, shape, characteristics and nutrient content of fertilizers vary, and their application methods are also different. Generally, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are combined. Organic fertilizer is mainly based on topdressing and vegetable topdressing. Most inorganic fertilizers are mainly topdressing, and sometimes can be used as base fertilizer. Trace element fertilizer can be used as root dressing.
When the solid fertilizer is used, it is generally combined with watering so that it dissolves, which is beneficial to the absorption of vegetables. The gas fertilizer is mainly carbon dioxide, which can be used in greenhouses or greenhouses, and is generally not applied in open fields.
4. Fertilization according to different cultivation methods There are many cultivation methods for vegetables. Generally, there are cultivation methods such as open fields, plastic greenhouses (including small and medium sheds), greenhouses and plastic film covering. Therefore, even the same kind of vegetables, because of their different cultivation methods, the amount of fertilizer is also very different. For example, the exposed cucumbers generally apply 5,000 kg of organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer, while the autumn and winter solar greenhouse cucumbers need to apply about 13,000 kg of organic fertilizer.
Huaxian Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Huang Lihua