How to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural production has always been a problem for the agricultural sector. The spring ploughing season coincided with the two sessions. As a researcher at the Heilongjiang Soil and Fertilizer Management Station, I would like to make a suggestion to the two associations. I hope that the relevant state departments will subsidize the enterprises or farmers who apply organic fertilizer, biological fertilizer, straw returning (planting green manure), and use The way to supplement the low carbon and environmentally friendly fertilizer.

The planting area of ​​cultivated land in Heilongjiang is more than 200 million mu, but the proportion of low- and medium-yield fields is large. The middle and low-yield fields, which account for 2/3 of the cultivated land, produce only 27.6 billion kilograms of grain, less than half of the total output. With the large-scale application and application of chemical fertilizers, the application of organic fertilizer per acre is less than 100 kg, and 80% of the cultivated land basically does not apply farmyard manure, which causes the soil fertility to decline. In addition, farmers have used small four-wheel tractors for many times in the field to make the soil form a hard plow bottom layer, and the plough layer is thinned (mostly around 12 cm), which reduces soil water storage, water retention, water supply, fertilizer supply and The ability to ventilate. In addition, some chemical fertilizers, pesticides (more than 80% of which are herbicides) and agricultural membranes and Other substances remain in the soil, forming a certain degree of pollution, causing damage to soil structure and environment, and directly affecting the quality and safety of agricultural products. .

The application of refined organic fertilizer and farmyard manure can solve the above problems well. To this end, I propose to first subsidize the enterprises (farmers) that produce refined organic fertilizer (farm fertilizer). According to the author's work experience, I suggest subsidizing 300 yuan/ton of refined organic fertilizer. The subsidy target is organic fertilizer production enterprise; the application of ordinary farmyard manure can subsidize 40 yuan/cubic meter, and the subsidy target is farmers or cultivated land operators who apply farmyard manure. .

The second is to subsidize farmers who promote the application of soybean rhizobium agents. Soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province is relatively wide, and the use of rhizobium agents can greatly improve the self-fixing capacity of nitrogen in the soybean growth period, thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. According to practical experience, I recommend a subsidy of 5 yuan per mu. The subsidy is for farmers or cultivated land operators who use rhizobium.

It is again recommended that the Heilongjiang region improve the saline-alkali land through large projects and use the “moving soil and guest soil” to improve low-yield fields. According to estimates, in the next 10 years, Heilongjiang can transform 1 million mu of peatland through land consolidation projects, and can extract 500 million cubic meters of peat through land consolidation, which can improve 5 million mu of saline-alkali arable land in the Songnen Plain, and make 10 million mu of low-yield The field has become a high-yield and stable production field, with an annual production capacity of 1.1 billion kilograms.