Orchard is commonly used to prevent pests and diseases
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The main component of the plant ash is potassium carbonate. Potassium carbonate is a strong base weak acid salt, which is hydrolyzed in water to produce OH-ion. The plant ash is a kind of farmhouse potash widely used in rural areas. The main component of the plant ash is potassium. It is an organic fertilizer rich in potassium, calcium and phosphorus. It also contains a small amount of trace elements such as boron, aluminum and manganese. It is suitable for acid soil or cohesive soil. It is especially suitable for avoiding chlorine crops such as sweet potato and potato. It can also be used as a cover for seedling raising and breeding.
First, the function of grass ash
1. Promote seed germination: After planting the seed of the tree, cover the plant with 0.5-1 cm of the ash, which can increase the soil temperature, maintain the loose ventilation state, promote the seed to germinate in advance, and grow the seedlings neatly and robustly, and the seedling rate is high. .
2. Promote rooting: In the transplanting of seedlings, use grass ash with organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, or mix 5~20% of ash in the preparation of nutrient soil, not only can increase the effective nutrients of the base fertilizer and nutrient soil, and promote root growth. It has the effect of reducing pests and diseases.
3. Preventing defoliation: Spray 10% ash leaching solution of fresh grass ash (10 kg of fresh grass ash is thoroughly stirred for 100 kg of clear water, filtered after standing for 14-16 hours, and slag can be sprayed after clarification) to supplement the nutrients, which can improve the vitality of the leaves. It prevents early leaves, enhances photosynthesis, and promotes beautiful flowers and fruits.
4, improve the quality: In addition to potassium, calcium and other nutrients, the plant ash also contains iron, magnesium and other trace elements, and has a quick-acting effect, is a high-quality foliar fertilizer. Spraying 50~80% of the ash leaching solution on the foliage before and after flowering can promote greening of branches and leaves, enhance photosynthesis, reduce flower and fruit shedding, promote flower and fruit coloration, prolong the viewing period and improve fruit quality.
5. Suppression of pests and diseases: 30-50 kilograms of grass ash per acre (667 square meters) can kill underground pests and germs, protect seeds, roots and stems, reduce pests and diseases, and prevent the occurrence of blight and anthracnose. The application of plant ash in the orchard can control the occurrence of powdery mildew and fruit rust, and the effect of controlling root rot is 2.5-5 kg ​​per plant. Spraying 2~3% of ash ash leaching solution can control pests such as aphids and spider mites on flowers and fruits, and improve the drug control effect of hibiscus.
6. Improve the drought resistance of fruit trees: For the dryland fruit trees with poor irrigation conditions, spray 5~6 times of ash ash leaching solution for 2~3 times to improve the drought resistance of fruit trees. Because the plant ash contains a lot of potassium ions, it can effectively weaken the transpiration water intensity of the fruit trees, enhance the drought resistance and high temperature resistance of the trees, promote the operation of carbohydrates, and improve the disease resistance and insect resistance of the trees.
Second, the application of grass ash on fruit trees
1. Prevention and control of powdery mildew: For fruit trees with powdery mildew, 15 cm away from the plant, digging a 10~20 cm deep groove, applying 10~20 kg of grass ash in the ditch, covered with a thin layer of soil, cured The rate can reach 80%.
2, prevention and control of root rot: grass ash is very effective in controlling root rot of pear, peach, hawthorn and other fruit trees. The method is to first open the soil of the root of the fruit tree, remove the soil around the root of the root, scrape off the root bark of the disease, and after drying for 24 hours, each plant covers 2.5 to 5 kilograms of fresh plant wood ash, and then covers the soil, and the cure rate is up to 90%. .
3, prevention and control of rust fruit disease: for the apple tree that has been diseased, excavate an annular groove of 50 cm wide and 60 cm deep at a distance of about 50 cm from the root, and then apply the grass ash as a base fertilizer into the ditch, pour enough water, press You can move the new soil.
4, prevention and control of blight, anthracnose: in the diseased seedling stage sloping grass ash, 30 ~ 50 kg per acre (667 square meters), can effectively prevent the occurrence of these two diseases.
5, prevention and treatment of early defoliation: using grass ash 8 kg of water 100 kg, soaking for 48 hours of filtration, the filtrate and bactericide mixed spray, has a certain prevention and treatment of apple early defoliation, the effect is better than single spray bactericide.
6. Control aphids: use 10 kg of grass ash to 50 kg of water, soak for 48 hours, and take the filtrate to spray, which can effectively control the aphids on the fruit trees.
Third, the use of vegetation ash
For the application of plant ash on the foliage of crops, the filtrate after soaking must be used to prevent the leaves from being contaminated. Grass ash is an alkaline substance and cannot be used in saline-alkaline soil.
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