Degradable computer chips sound like a fantasy, but there is a brand-new chip that just hopes to achieve this goal.

Scientists hope that the chip can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers. The world produces millions of tons of e-waste each year. If this innovation can be realized, it will help improve the status quo.

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Products Laboratory have formed a team that uses wood extracts to make new chips. We have used wood fiber to make recycled paper.

By breaking down these fibers into nanomaterials, researchers can create degradable flexible “paper” composed of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs).

With a thickness of only 200 microns, CNF can provide an environmentally friendly alternative to substrates used in microwave chips for wireless devices. In order to ensure that the chip part can be combined with the new substrate, the CNF needs to have a smooth surface.

Because wood absorbs moisture and expands, the team also added epoxy coatings that can solve this problem without sacrificing biodegradability.

"Most of the materials in the chip are supporters, and other things are only a few micrometers," said Zhenquiang Ma, head of the research team and professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

To complete this project, Zhenquiang Ma's team fabricated the chip's electronic components on a temporary substrate, and then used "rubber-stamping" (usually for flexible electronic components) to transfer these parts to the CNF.

The test results show that these new chips are similar to the wireless communication chips commonly used in mobile phones and tablet computers. In addition, this approach also reduces the amount of semiconductor materials used, and is expected to reduce chip development costs.

The test also showed that the chip is degradable and eventually able to integrate into the land. "Now, the chips have become very safe and can be thrown directly into the forest. The fungus will gradually degrade it," said Zhenquiang Ma. "They become as safe as fertilizer."

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