The perovskite film is a good light-absorbing material and the production cost is lower than that of the silicon chips used in general solar cells. However, its ability to convert solar energy into electrical energy was not discovered until 2009, when perovskite photovoltaic cells were only 3.8% efficient. In just a few years, its battery efficiency has increased to 20%, becoming a highly efficient solar absorber.

Recently, researchers at the University of Toronto successfully produced high quality perovskite single crystals at room temperature using a new process. The study shows that if the purity of the material is improved, the organic lead trihalide perovskite material photovoltaic cell will achieve further breakthroughs.

Rhode Island, a researcher at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, recently announced that it has developed a new process that can produce high-quality perovskite mixed-film solar cells at room temperature. Research papers have been published last week in the Royal Society of Chemistry.

The research team used a room-temperature solvent bath instead of a high-temperature thermal annealing process to deposit sunlight-absorbing perovskite crystals on the substrate. The efficiency of battery conversion based on the solvent extraction (SSE) process can be as high as 15.2%. This technology can produce high-quality crystalline thin films in a large area with precise control, and is suitable for the production of a 'volume-to-roll' retractable process for mixed perovskite films, which may be the future direction of mass production of perovskite solar cells.

In addition, researchers at Stanford University in California recently published a paper claiming that a new technology has been developed that uses transparent electrodes on the semiconductor substrate to produce tandem cells with a calcium-titanium structure. Its breakthrough lies in its innovative use of calcium and titanium layers.

Silver nanowire electrodes were used without destroying the fragile calcium titanium active layer.

This technology can increase the efficiency of silicon cells from 11.4% to 17%. The calcium titanium itself has a 12.7% efficiency. On the CIGS battery with an efficiency of 12.7%, the efficiency of the synthetic perovskite tandem cell can reach 18.5%. Researchers also stated that they have a way to prove that calcium-titanium solar cells are stable enough to last 25 years and hope to achieve a 25% or even 30% efficiency of low-cost calcium-titanium tandem cells in five to ten years.

Many companies are currently trying to commercialize calcium-titanium technology, including Oxford PV in the United Kingdom and Dyesol in Australia.

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