China's machine tool industry takes the intensive development path
Wire Spring,Irregular Springs,Customized Irregular Springs,Customized Wire Spring Dongguan Jiufukai Hardware Products Co., Ltd , https://www.jfkspring.com
August 28 12:04:06, 2024
After decades of development, the Chinese machine tool industry has solved the problems from scratch and from small to large. The data shows that in 2010, the domestic machine tool industry has completed a total industrial output value of 553.68 billion yuan. If we say that Japan, Germany and other countries with developed manufacturing industries are affected by the financial crisis, the scale of machine tool production has dropped sharply. This makes China the first place in the world's largest machine tool manufacturing country in 2009, then the 2010 data proves again. The strong development of China's machine tool industry. With the National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan Outline, CNC machine tools are listed as one of 16 major special projects, further establishing the important position of the machine tool industry in the national economy. The machine tool industry has strengthened the independent innovation of products and the development of special planes in the key areas of national development. It has achieved effective breakthroughs in precision manufacturing and extreme manufacturing, and upgraded the technical grades of key products such as large and heavy CNC machine tools and five-axis linkage machine tools. And level. At present, domestic high-end CNC machine tools have begun to enter the national key development areas and the construction of national defense and military industry. The situation of high-end CNC machine tools that are urgently needed in the national economic development is over-reliance on imports, and is gradually improving. In 2009, the market share of domestic metal processing machine tools continued to increase, reaching 70.1%; the market share of domestic CNC machine tools reached 62%. The big but not strong still stands out. Experts pointed out that the current level of the world's machine tools is based on the production of CNC machine bed machine, and the development in the next 20 years will continue. On the basis of further improving accuracy, efficiency, automation, intelligence, and networking, we will gradually transition to processing units and cutting-edge flexible manufacturing systems. After the development of learning, imitation and independent innovation in China's machine tool industry, there is still a considerable gap between precision, efficiency, automation, intelligence, environmental protection and foreign advanced level. The lack of commonality and key technologies of high-end CNC machine tools characterized by high speed, high precision, composite and intelligence has made the domestic machine tool industry's "low-end melee, high-end failure" still not fundamentally reversed. At present, imported products account for 85% of the domestic high-end machine tool market share, while the proportion of simple economical CNC machine tools with low added value in domestic CNC machine tools is nearly 70%. In 2008, the import value of China's metal processing machine tools was 7.59 billion US dollars; despite the impact of the financial crisis, the import value decreased, but the import value in 2009 still reached 5.9 billion US dollars. There are few companies in the industry that can provide complete sets of services to users, and they lack the ability to provide complete solutions or undertake more complex engineering general contracting projects. Due to the high research and development cost of FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) and CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing System) with advanced technology level, the difficulty of research and development is too high, and the investment intention of enterprises is not strong, resulting in too large capacity targets for industrial technological transformation projects. The trend of large-scale and heavy-duty products is obvious. This makes the development of CNC systems and key functional components seriously lag, becoming a “bottleneck†factor that constrains the sustainable development of the industry. At present, the domestic market share of domestic mid-range CNC systems is about 30%, while more than 95% of high-end CNC systems need to be imported. The overall market share of functional components is 30%, and the market share of high-end functional components is lower. Brand features in Taiwan account for about 50% of the domestic market, and the remaining 20% ​​are brand products such as the EU and Japan. The result of OEM as the main production mode can only enable enterprises to maintain a simple cycle of reproduction, unable to develop independent technology. The machine tool industry is a technology-intensive, capital-intensive, talent-intensive industry with many product categories, varieties, small batch sizes, high individualization requirements, high requirements for production experience, and long investment cycles. It is also important to build an organizational structure that is appropriate for it. At this stage, the domestic machine tool industry is still dominated by state-owned enterprises, accounting for up to 90%. The backward traditional state-owned enterprise system has become a major institutional obstacle affecting the development of the industry. Compared with other types of enterprises, traditional state-owned enterprises have obvious gaps in economic efficiency, technological innovation and meeting market needs. The phenomenon of indulging in scale is widespread. However, with more resources, but can not take the lead in transformation, can not be more realistic in the direction of technology, resulting in technical homology in the industry, low-level competition, the overall economic efficiency of enterprises is low. According to the statistics of 232 key enterprises in China Machine Tool Industry Association, the average labor productivity in 2009 was 143,000 yuan, and the profit rate was 6.2%. And this level of profit makes technical innovations empty talk. This kind of recycling can not be fundamentally changed, and the improvement of international competitiveness in the machine tool industry will be only a good wish. Path selection becomes the key The world's science and technology is developing with each passing day. Processing technology has entered the era of sub-micron and nano-scale super-precision processing. Networked manufacturing technology is in the ascendant, green manufacturing is highly valued, and digital manufacturing with CNC machine tools as a technology platform has been upgraded to intelligent manufacturing. In the new phase, technology integration and technology compounding have become one of the most active development trends of CNC machine tools. Although China's machine tool industry has developed strongly over the years, it has been following the old road in terms of technology and strategy, and has not fundamentally sought to change its development ideas. The world machine tool industry has a highly international character, which is reflected in the internationalization of the market, internationalization of technology, and internationalization of investment. Based on this, the selection of models and paths suitable for the development trend of the contemporary machine tool industry is the must for the future domestic machine tool industry to be strong, and this choice should not only remain in form. At the same time, cross-border M&A is also an important way to implement industrial restructuring. In short, with a more open international vision, flexible and diverse forms of operation, using all available domestic and international industrial resources, to achieve a win-win situation, in order to achieve the goal of innovation and upgrading of the machine tool industry should be actively promoted and implemented. Aiming at the intrinsic properties of the machine tool industry, actively supporting the development of private machine tool enterprises and encouraging private capital to invest in the machine tool industry should also be seen as an effective way to improve the internal structure of the domestic machine tool industry and transform the traditional development model. In this regard, many developed areas of the machine tool industry have sufficient examples. At the same time, we should actively explore and deepen the reform of the operating system of state-owned enterprises in the machine tool industry, and establish a state-owned asset management model suitable for the needs of the market economy and the characteristics of the machine tool industry, in order to create a good micro-level for the machine tool industry. At present, the state attaches great importance to the development of the machine tool industry. The National Science and Technology Major Project of “High-end CNC Machine Tools and Basic Manufacturing Equipment†was put into operation in 2009. This has undoubtedly played a very positive role in promoting technological innovation of enterprises in the industry. However, in the specific implementation process, there is also the need for further improvement, so that relatively limited resources can play a greater role. The first is to select not only the output value, capacity and volume of the enterprise, but also the nature of the enterprise as the basis for the choice, but to comprehensively consider the market position, influence and advancement of the enterprise product. The uniqueness and originality of technology, the future market development space and other factors, in order to maximize the role of the resources invested. Big is not necessarily strong, or even vice versa. This point is very obvious in the current domestic machine tool industry. The second is that, given the complexity of machine tool products, the desire to “comply work in one battle†is unrealistic. Then, the centralized resources are selective to give effective breakthroughs to some key technical problems in the industry, which may have the effect of “doing more with less†and driving other technical problems. The third is to form and establish a long-term mechanism, implement dynamic management, evaluate the implementation effect, activate the enterprise's enthusiasm for technology research and development with special funds, and incite more industrial resources to invest in technological innovation activities with limited funds. Instead of making it a "Tang Tang meat." The fourth is to establish a guarantee mechanism. The technological achievements obtained by public resources should be shared within the whole industry, rather than monopolized by special status. It should be believed that China's machine tool industry will further improve its industrial and product structure, transform its economic growth mode, enhance its independent innovation capability, accelerate the research and development and market development of high-end CNC machine tools and functional components, and further improve product quality and service awareness. To improve the overall competitiveness of the entire industry, the industry will be able to achieve sustainable and sustainable development, and achieve the goal of becoming stronger and stronger.