Since August 13th, most of the southern part of the country has experienced frequent hot and hot weather. Among them, most of Hunan and Jiangxi, central Fujian, southeastern Hubei, eastern Sichuan, and most of Chongqing have high temperature of over ≥35 °C. Figure), in some areas reached 38 ~ 40 °C. The continuous high temperature made part of the rice and summer maize in the middle and eastern agricultural areas of the Sichuan Basin unable to be fully grouted, resulting in the phenomenon of “high temperature ripening”. Some cotton buds in the Yangtze River Basin were loosened, and rice in one season was poorly pollinated. Late rice in the south of the Yangtze River and South China was slower. Continued high temperature and low rainfall have also led to the continuous development of drought in southern Chongqing, south-central Hunan, northwestern Guangxi and other places. Dehydration of paddy fields in some agricultural areas and lack of dry land are unfavorable for crop growth and development.

Does high temperature weather endanger the production of autumn grain in China?

Continued high temperature weather has caused different degrees of drought disasters in parts of the south. The Guizhou Meteorological Bureau reported on the 20th that there are currently 79 counties and cities in Guizhou with a grade above Dazhong, and all the counties and cities except the northern edge of Zunyi City have experienced different degrees of drought, and the drought has reached a level of heavy drought.

According to the information from the National Defense General, the drought-affected areas in China are relatively concentrated. The droughts in Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Gansu and Yunnan provinces are the most serious. A total of 53.86 million mu of cultivated land is affected by drought, accounting for 77% of the country's cultivated land. However, compared with the same period of history, the current drought area of ​​cultivated land in the country is 51% less than the same period of many years.

“The southwest region is not the main producing area of ​​China's grain, so it has little impact on the national grain output.” Mao Liuxi, director of the Agricultural Meteorological Center of the National Meteorological Center of the China Meteorological Administration, introduced Guizhou Province as an example. The total output only accounts for 2.14% of the country's total grain output.

Mao Liuxi told reporters that since the spring of this year, most of the country's agricultural areas have sufficient light and heat. Although the overall precipitation in the country is less, the precipitation in the key growth stages of crops in the main autumn producing areas is timely. The soil in most areas is suitable for drought, floods, floods and low temperatures. Agro-meteorological disasters affecting autumn harvest crops, such as high temperature heat damage and typhoon, have a small impact range and short time, and meteorological conditions are generally conducive to crop growth and yield formation.

The agro-meteorological observations from the meteorological department show that most of the rice in the first season is in the booting to heading stage, the late rice is in the transplanting to tilling stage, most of the northern maize is in the jointing and tasseling stage, and the southern corn is in the milky to mature stage, most of which Soybean is in the flowering and pod-forming stage, cotton is in the flowering and bolling stage, and the overall grain and cotton crops in autumn are growing well.

It is expected that from the 22nd, the high temperature in the south will gradually ease or ease. On the 22nd to the 23rd, there will be moderate to heavy rain in most of the southwestern regions, Jianghuai, Jianghan and other places. There are heavy rains in parts of the western Sichuan Basin, Chongqing, most of Susong, and eastern Yunnan; 23-24 Jiangnan and Western Guangxi There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of the north and other places. On the 25th and 28th, most of the south of the Yangtze River, South China and Southwest China had little to moderate rain, and there was heavy rain or heavy rain in the local area.

The high temperature weather is relieved and the precipitation is increased, which is conducive to increasing the water in the farmland and the water storage in the reservoir. The drought in the dry areas of Hunan and Guizhou will be alleviated. All localities should seize the opportunity of turning the weather and do a good job in field management.

1. The southwestern region should pay close attention to weather changes, strengthen crop field management, and timely eliminate water accumulation in dryland crops after rain; properly fertilize one season of paddy fields, delay plant senescence, and increase seed setting rate and grain fullness. The Sichuan Basin should do a good job of water retention and moisturization of reclaimed rice fields to ensure the normal germination of regenerated rice buds and promote growth and development.

2. In the south and south of the Yangtze River, the management of late rice should be carried out. For paddy fields with late planting and insufficient seedlings, the fertilizer should be applied to promote tillering; the paddy fields with sufficient tillering should be controlled in time to form a good group structure.

3. The cotton area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin should be pruned in time to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, promote the bolls of cotton bolls, and catch the cotton in a timely manner to avoid the impact of rainfall on cotton yield and quality.

4, Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Chongqing and other places in the early drought areas should make full use of the opportunity of recent precipitation, do a good job of water storage and water storage in the farmland and reservoir water storage to ensure the late harvest of water.